莫桑比克东部滨海砂矿矿物组成及特征

滨海砂矿是目前全球最大的潜在矿产资源之一。以莫桑比克的滨海砂矿作为研究对象,利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)等手段对莫桑比克东部滨海砂矿的矿物组成及特征进行了研究。并用数理统计方法讨论了重砂矿的元素赋存状态及其载体矿物。研究结果表明:(1)砂矿的矿石矿物主要为钛铁矿、金红石和锆石,脉石矿物主要为石英和长石。(2)重砂矿的主要化学组分为Ti和Zr;Hf及REE为次要组分;而主要有害元素组分Th和U,其总体含量低,故重砂矿对采选加工和产品利用均无明显环境危害。(3)重砂矿中元素含量与粒度之间呈一定相关性,显示Zr、Hf、U、Cr、Ta的载体矿物的粒度相对较细;Ti、Fe、V、Nb的载体矿物的粒度相对较粗。

Mineral composition and characteristics of the marginal marine placer in the eastern Mozambique

As is known to all,the marginal marine placer is one of the most largest potential mineral resources in the world.This paper mainly studies on the mineral composition and characteristics of the marginal marine placer in the eastern Mozambique using the methods of optical microscope,X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscope and ICP-MS.In addition,by using the mathematical statistics,this paper discusses elements existing states and carrier minerals of the heavy placer. The research result shows as follows:(1) Ore minerals of the placer are ilmenite,rutile and zircon,gangue minerals are quartz and feldspar.(2) The main chemical composition of heavy placer is Ti and Zr,Hf and REE are minor components;Th and U,as the harmful element components,have no obviously environmental damage to mining-selection processing and product utilization because their total contents are very low.(3) The heavy placer shows a certain correlation between element contents and granularities of minerals in the heavy placer,that is,the carrier minerals containing Zr,Hf,U,Cr and Ta show a relatively fine grain-size while the carrier minerals containing Ti,Fe,V,and Nb show a relatively coarse grain-size.