湖北省主要固定燃烧源大气颗粒物及VOCs排放特征研究

于2014年1月至12月对湖北省9个城市21家典型企业的固定燃烧源进行了典型大气颗粒物及挥发性有机物(VOCs)的监测工作,研究了固定燃烧源大气颗粒物及VOCs的排放特征及其物质组成。结果表明:大气颗粒物年排放总量与装机容量呈正相关关系,颗粒物粒径越细占总颗粒物的质量百分比越低;不同燃料的锅炉废气中的PM10和PM2.5质量浓度表现为:石油焦煤生活垃圾,燃气锅炉废气中只检出PM1.0;焦化厂和炼铁厂锅炉废气中的VOCs以烯(炔)烃为主,各占79.21%和81.09%,乙烯占总VOCs的百分比最高,分别为69.13%和68.88%;燃油锅炉废气中的VOCs以烯(炔)烃(91.74%)为主,燃气锅炉废气中的VOCs以烯(炔)烃(37.96%)和醛脂(38.79%)为主;锅炉废气中VOCs的组分和浓度受锅炉使用类型和燃料类型差异的影响,排放废气中的VOCs浓度水平表现为:焦化厂锅炉炼铁厂锅炉,燃油锅炉燃气锅炉,且组分更复杂。

Emission Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles and VOCs of Mainly Stationary Combustion Sources in Hubei Province

This paper conducts monitoring research on the typical atmospheric particulate matter and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)in stationary combustion sources from 21 typical enterprises in nine cities of Hubei province from January 2014 to December.The paper investigates the emission characteristics and composition of the atmos-pheric particulate matter and VOCs.The results show that the particulate matter emissions and capacity are posi-tively correlated.The smaller the particle size is,the lower the mass percentage of the total particulate matter is. The mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in exhaust gases from different fuel boilers are petroleum coke coal>coal>living garbage.But there is only PM1.0 detected in the gas boiler exhaust gases.In the exhaust gases of coking plant and steel plant boilers,alkenynes dominates the VOCs,accounting for 79.21%and 81.09%respectively,and the percentage of ethylene of the total VOCs is the highest,being 69.13%and 68.88%respectively.In the exhaust gases of fuel boiler,alkenynes dominates the VOCs,accounting for 91.74%.In the exhaust gases of gas boiler, VOCs mainly include olefin hydrocarbon (acetylene)(37.96%)and aldehyde resin (38.79%).The components and concentrations of VOCs are affected by different types of boilers and fuels.The concentration levels of VOCs in the exhaust emissions are shown as:coking plant>iron works,boiler fuel boiler>gas boiler,and the components are more complex.