基于控制单元的流域水污染控制与管理——以京杭运河苏南段为例

综合考虑流域水系完整性、水体污染程度以及控制方案可实施性等因素，对苏南运河小流域控制单元进行了划分．并通过控制单元内、外的污染物入运河量贡献率比较，验证划分结果的合理性；根据确定的水质目标，分别计算了各控制单元90％水文保证率下的水环境容量和排污削减量：根据各项污染防治指标目标，计算各控制单元六类主要工程项目的污染物削减能力．并提出各河段水质目标实现的补充措施。结果表明：控制单元划分合理，各控制单元内污染源对运河各河段污染负荷的贡献率约占71％～91％．为运河水质主要影响源；各控制单元大部分水体的预测排污量超过了水环境容量．近期运河各段COD、氨氮、TP削减率分别为21．2％-54．5％，46．3％～60．2％，45．8％-71．5％；远期污染物削减率更高：6类主要工程项目的实施仅能保证运河镇江段水质目标实现，对运河常州段需从长江引水45万m^3／d，对运河无锡段需从长江引水40万m^3／d．再结合适量的排水和中水回用措施可实现控制单元内运河各段水质目标。

Water Pollution Control and Management of River Watershed Based on Control Unit --Sunan segment of Jinghang River watershed as a case study

Sunan Canal watershed were divided into some control units considering river system integrity of watershed,degree of water pollution and feasibility of control project implementation.Division rationality of control units was analyzed according to contribution rates of pollutants in and out of each control unit.According to the water quality target,the water environment capacity of control unit and the sewage control amount were calculated.Reduction ability of six kinds of main projects of each control unit ...