生态文明视域下提升城市规划科学性的关键要素分析

近些年我国城市建成区密度大幅下降,城市低密度蔓延问题突出。本文以城市蔓延为切入点,依据生态文明建设要求,从规划价值取向、组织要素、功能内容、实施执行四个维度分析了城市规划的发展现状及问题,并以问题为导向提出了提升城市规划科学性的关键要素。研究发现:部分城市规划偏离生态文明建设要求,主要表现为价值取向重发展轻保护、组织要素政府主导型突出而约束机制不足、规划功能内容忽视资源环境禀赋及影响、规划实施中政绩工程先行而长效工程滞后。基于此,提出城市规划应以生态文明建设为价值取向,以资源承载能力和环境容量为依据,以空间规划为指南,以规划环评为约束,由扩张性规划转变为优化空间结构的规划,引导城市获得发展与保护的"双重红利"。

Key elements to promoting urban planning from the perspective of ecological civilization

In recent years, the density of China’s buildup area has dropped significantly, which indicates the serious issue of urban sprawl. As the guideline of development, the unreasonable urban master plan could lead to excessive construction as well as low-density sprawl. According to the requirements of ecological civilization, the status and problems of urban planning is analyzed from the aspects of value orientation, organizational elements, functional content and implementation details. In response, a series of suggestions are proposed, including that the ecological civilization should be the value orientation, the economic growth of a region should not surpass its environmental capacity and the carrying capacity, spatial plans should be the guide of the plan systems, and the environment assessment of plan should be implemented.