高分子凝胶球去除废水中重金属离子的研究

用海藻酸钠（SA）、海藻酸钠-聚乙烯醇（SA—PVA）、海藻酸钠-聚氧化乙烯（SA—PEO）凝胶球作为吸附剂吸附溶液中的Pb^2＋。探讨了凝胶球固定化时间、吸附时间、溶液pH值、溶液初始浓度对Pb^2＋去除率的影响，并对吸附动力学方程进行了分析。结果表明：固定化时间对去除率的影响较小；反应速率较快，吸附时间在10min时，三种凝胶球对Pb^2＋的去除率就分剐达到了80％、82％和88％，吸附时间在2h后基本达到吸附平衡，三种凝胶球对Pb^2＋的吸附能力为：SA—PGE〉SA—PVA〉SA；三种凝胶球吸附铅离子的行为均符合一级反应动力学方程；溶液的pH在4～6时有较高的去除率；三种凝胶球对不同金属的吸附能力为Pb^2＋〉Cu^2＋〉Cd^2＋；饱和吸附后的三种凝胶球均可以再生利用。

The Research on Macromolecule Gel Ball Absorbing Heavy Metal Ion in the Waste Water

The adsorption of sodium alginate gel balls sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol gel balls and sodium alginate-polyethylene oxide gel balls to Pb2+ was studied.The effect on Pb2+ adsorption of immobilized time of gel ball,adsorption time,pH and initial concentration were studied.The results show that,the effect of immobilized time of gel balls was little.When the adsorption time was 10min,the removal rates were up to 80%、82%and 88%.The adsorbing equilibriums were reached after 2h.The adsorption capacity of three gel balls were SA-PEO>SA-PVA>SA.The behavior of the three kinds of gel balls adsorbing lead ion all accorded with the first order reaction kinetics equation.When the pH was 4 to 6,the removal rates were higher.The adsorption capacity of three gel balls on different heavy metal were Pb>Cu>Cd.The three kinds of gel balls which saturated adsorption can be utilized after regeneration.