基于水足迹强度的江苏省水资源利用效率分析

水足迹强度是可以量化水资源利用效率的指标,文章在计算江苏省水足迹的基础上,选取6项水足迹强度指标,分部门比较各地市水资源利用效率的差异,并基于ESDA研究水足迹强度的空间自相关性,构建空间集聚图。研究表明:2002~2014年江苏省各市水足迹总体呈现上升趋势,水资源压力增大;总体上苏南和苏北地区的农业水足迹强度都偏高,农业水资源利用效率低;苏南地区工业产值高但耗水量大,因此工业水足迹强度也偏高;苏北地区的灰水足迹强度偏高,水资源压力较大;江苏省水足迹强度具有不断增强的全局自相关性,地市出现集聚现象,不同地市的集聚分布也日益明显;大部分苏北地区属于高高集聚并且向外扩张,低低集聚主要分布在苏南地区。研究结果为政府部门分析地市间水资源利用效率差异,制定高效的水资源利用政策等提供依据。

Spatial Pattern Analysis of Water Resource Utilization Efficiency Based on Water Footprint Intensity of Cities in Jiangsu Province

Water footprint intensity is an indicator for quantification of water resource utilization efficiency. In this paper, on the basis of calculating the water footprint in Jiangsu Province, 6 indicators of water footprint intensity were selected to compare the differences of water resource utilization efficiency in cities between all departments. ESDA model was applied to study the spatial autocorrelation of the water footprint intensity and spatial concentration maps about the water footprint intensity were set up. The results indicated that municipal water footprint in Jiangsu province from 2002 to 2014 showed a rising trend, with increase of the water pressures year by year. Generally, the agricultural water footprint intensity in the south and the north of Jiangsu Province was high, with low utilization efficiency of the agricultural water resources. Industrial production in the south of Jiangsu Province was high, but the water consumption was high, so the industrial water footprint intensity was also high. Grey water footprint intensity in the north of Jiangsu was high, with greater water pressure. The water footprint intensity in Jiangsu had continuously rising global spatial autocorrelation. There existed spatial cluster features and the spatial cluster features of different cities became more and more obvious. The regions with HH correlation pattern were mainly located in the north of Jiangsu, with an obvious diffusing tendency. The regions with LL correlation pattern were mainly located in the south. The study results provided basis for the governmental departments to analyze the differences of water resource utilization efficiency in cities and develop efficient policies for water resource utilization.