高空飞行的环境影响研究进展

航空运输业的高速发展的同时,环境问题亦不容小觑。民航是我国重要的交通运输方式之一,但我国民航运输业对于高空飞行对环境的影响的研究却很少。航空器巡航阶段属于高空飞行,占整个飞行时间的80%,因飞行距离长,距离地面高,所带来的温室效应具有放大效果,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。文章概述了高空飞行的危害,认为CO_2排放和凝结尾生成是大气温室效应的直接污染源,进而对国内外典型的高空飞行影响评估模型进行阐述,并分析研究了高空飞行的温室效应防治措施。

Progress in the Study of Environmental Impacts of High Altitude Flight

With the rapid development of the civil aviation industry, environmental problems could not be ignored. As civil aviation is one of the transportation ways of China, there are few researches of the environmental impacts of the high altitude flight. The cruise phase of aircraft belongs to high altitude flight, accounting for about 80% of the flight time. Because of the long distance and high altitude in the cruise phase, greenhouse effect in this phase produces immense amplification, which attracts the attention of domestic and foreign scholars. In this paper, harms of high altitude flight are summarized. It is concluded that CO2 emission and contrail is the direct pollution cause of the greenhouse effect. Then, several impact assessment models of typical high altitude flights home and abroad are described, and measures for reduction of greenhouse effect during the high altitude flight are analyzed.