湘江流域水环境问题及其综合应对策略

基于历史长系列水文资料统计与水质评价方法,对湘江流域水环境质量时空尺度变化规律进行了分析,并一步明晰了造成水环境问题的主要成因,最后提出了相应的综合应对策略。结果表明,在时间上,湘江流域水质呈不断恶化态势;在空间上,湘江上游水质好于中下游,中游水质污染最为严重。区域气候与江湖关系变化、社会经济发展、水土资源开发等都对湘江流域水环境产生显著影响。为解决湘江水环境问题,在优化调整流域生态水文格局的基础上,进行生态环境友好型水利工程群的布置、建设和联合调度,并制定适合流域水环境特征的政策法规体系。

Water Environment Problems of Xiangjiang River Basin and Comprehensive Corresponding Strategies

Based on a long historical series of hydrological statistics and water quality evaluation method, the variation rules of water environment quality of Xiangjiang River basin are analyzed from spatial-temporal scale, then the main reasons causing water environment problems are cleared, finally a set of comprehensive strategies are put forward. The results show that, in time, the water quality of Xiangjiang River basin is in the deteriorating situation; in space, the water pollution in upper reaches is better than that in middle and lower reaches and the water quality of middle reaches is the most serious. The evolution of regional climate and river-lake relation, social economy development and the exploitation of water and soil and so on have significant influence on water environment of Xiangjiang River basin. In order to solve the environment problem of Xiangjiang River, on the basis of the optimization and adjustment on the basin ecohydrological patterns, we should arrange, construct and jointly operate the eco- friendly water conservancy project, and make a series of policies and regulations suitable for the Xiangjiang River basin.