局地化工区污染案例的小气候特征分析研究

针对群众举报夜晚受不明气体污染中毒的两起事件,经过环保部门的现场勘查及监测,确定造成纺织厂污染的大气污染物为HCl气体,来自于纺织厂隔壁的农药厂装盐酸的空罐、罐区受污染的固体废弃物及受污染的土壤;助剂厂附近村民所受的污染物为HNO3、NO2和NOx气体,来自于助剂厂装硝酸的空罐、跑冒滴漏的废水废气、固体废弃物及受污染的土壤。夜晚气温降到露点,空气湿度达到饱和状态,气体污染物与空气中的水分结合形成对人体危害更重的酸或酸性气体;这两个工厂又都位于鸭绿江边的化工区内,具有局地小气候特征,夜晚易形成类似于海陆风的微风,形成局地污染。

Analysis on Microclimate Characteristics of Local Chemical Pollution

Though on-site investigation and monitoring of two gas poisoning cases,the environmental protection departments determined that HCI gas is the major source for textile factory pollution.The pollutants come from the empty hydrochloric cans,contaminated solid wastes and soils in the pesticide factory next-door.The pollutants affecting villagers near the additives factory are HNO3,NO2 and NOx gas,coming from the nitrate cans,extensive wastewater and waste gas,solid waste and contaminated soil.When the temperature drops to the dew point in the night,the air humidity becomes saturated,forming acidic gases that harm human body.In addition,the two factories are located in the chemical industry area along Yalu River,which demonstrates microclimate characteristics.It is easy to form winds similar to sea-land breeze,which aggravates local pollution.