中国流域生态补偿标准核算方法进展研究

流域生态补偿关系到区域协调和可持续发展,补偿标准核算方法的确定是建立流域生态补偿机制的重点。对中国流域生态补偿标准核算方法的研究进展进行系统整理,总结了目前较为常用的五种核算方法,即生态系统服务功能价值法、生态保护总成本法、水质水量保护目标核算法、水资源价值法和支付意愿法,对比分析各自的优点与不足,并对近来出现的水足迹等新方法进行阐述。未来研究中,应实现核算方法结合、补偿标准的动态评估及提高核算体系的可操作性等。

Research on Calculating Methods of Watershed Ecological Compensation Standard in China

Watershed ecological compensation is closely related to regional balanced and sustainable development. Scientific calculating methods are very important for the formation of watershed eco - compensation mechanism. The research progress of calculating methods for watershed ecological compensation standards in China is summarized. Five types of calculating methods are discussed, including ecosystem service value assessment, cost calculation, quality and quantity based model, water resource value evaluation and payment willingness method. Existing problems are analyzed. New calculating methods such as water foot- print are also put forward. Future researches that combine different methods, assess the compensation standard dynamically and improve the acceptability of calculating methods are recommended.