污水土地处理存在的主要缺点及其解决方法

污水土地处理是一种高效、低耗、简便并具有良好脱氮除磷效果的污水就地处理技术，特别适用于小城镇、农村等缺乏排水管网与污水处理系统的地区。该技术已经在国内外得到了较为广泛的应用，但其大面积推广仍然面临着渗滤系统易堵塞、磷穿透和温室气体排放等诸多问题。堵塞会直接导致系统瘫痪；磷穿透会对地下水及周边地区造成二次污染；温室气体排放则会加剧全球暖化趋势。本文就这些问题的发生、解决方法等的研究情况进行了回顾，最后对该技术应用前景作了展望。

Discussion on Disadvantages and Solutions in Wastewater Land Treatment Technology

Wastewater land treatment （WLT） is an on - site wastewater treatment technology with such advantages as easy running, high nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate, high efficiency and low cost. WLT can be applied to various areas, especially those small towns and countrysides where there＇re no drainage network and wastewater treatment devices. Although WLT has been widely used both at home and abroad, there＇re still some problems to solve, including clogging, phosphorus penetration, greenhouse gas emission, etc. Clogging of media layer can lead to system paralysis; phosphorus penetration may cause pollutions to groundwater and surrounding areas; and greenhouse gas emission can accelerate the global warming process. This paper gives a review on these three problems, including their mechanism and solutions, and also gives prospects of WLT＇s applied foreground.