烟花禁燃对南京市春节期间PM2.5及其组分的影响研究

对2014年、2015年两年春节期间南京市空气质量监测数据进行分析,探讨禁止燃放烟花爆竹规定实施前后空气质量变化情况.结果表明:烟花爆竹燃放使得空气质量达重污染,且空气中的PM2.5质量浓度迅速上升,出现局地短时间峰值,同时会使PM2.5中的水溶性离子组分含量也急剧升高,其中与烟花爆竹主要成分基本一致的SO2-4、Cl-、K+和Mg2+攀升迅速;禁止燃放烟花爆竹对空气质量改善有显著作用,2015年春节禁燃后,南京市空气质量均达标率同比上升4成以上,春节期间PM2.5平均质量浓度,同比改善56%;PM2.5中的水溶性离子组分也基本处于正常监测范围,较少出现波动.

Effects of fireworks banning on PM2. 5 and Its Components during Spring Festival in Nanjing City

This paper analyzed the air quality monitoring data of Nanjing during Spring Festival in the year 2014 and 2015. The variation of Air quality before and after the implementation of the policy of banning fireworks and firecrackers were discussed. The results showed that:the air quality reached heavy pollution because of setting off fireworks and firecrackers, and PM2. 5 con-centration in the air increased rapidly, local short time peak appeared, the water-soluble ions in PM2. 5 also increased dramatical-ly, SO2-4 , Cl-, K+ and Mg2+ which were basically consistent with the main components of fireworks and firecrackers raised rap-idly;air quality improved after banning fireworks and firecrackers. The non-exceedence probability of air quality in Nanjing City during the 2015 Spring Festival increased more than 40% year-on-year, The PM2. 5 concentration improved 56% PM2. 5 year-on-year and concentration of water-soluble ions in PM2. 5 were basically in the normal monitoring range.