长春市春季PM2.5中金属污染与潜在生态风险评价研究

2014年春季采集了长春市大气PM2.5样品,测定了PM2.5及其17种金属元素的含量.PM2.5质量浓度为175.2±75.1μg/m3,变异系数为0.44,环境重污染日与优良日空气质量差异较大.PM2.5中金属元素平均含量顺序为Ca>Fe>K>Mg>Al>Zn>Ti>Mn>Pb>As>Cu>V>Ni>Cr>Co>Ba>Cd.采用富集因子法和潜在生态风险指数法对PM2.5中金属进行了评价.其中Cd、As、Zn、Pb、Cu富集因子大于100.金属综合潜在生态风险等级为极强生态风险,Cd的贡献率为83.2%,受人类活动干扰严重.

Enrichment Characteristics and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Metals during Spring in PM2. 5 in Changchun

During spring in 2014, PM2. 5 samples were collected in Changchun, China. A measurement of PM2. 5 content and 17 kinds metals was been performed in PM2. 5 . The results showed that the average mass concentration of PM2. 5 during spring was 175. 2 ± 75. 1 μg/m3 . The coefficients of variation were 0. 44. The concentrations of PM2. 5 change obviously between heavy pollu-tion days and cleaning days. The order of average content of the metal elements in the PM2. 5:Ca>Fe>K>Mg>Al>Zn>Ti>Mn>Pb>As>Cu>V>Ni>Cr>Co>Ba>Cd. The pollution status was evaluated with enrichment factors and Hakanson poten-tial ecological risk index, respectively. Among them, Cd, As, Zn, Pb, Cu enrichment factor are greater than 100. The potential ecological risk level of PM2. 5 in spring in Changchun was a very strong ecological risk, in which the contribution rate of Cd was 83. 2%, Cd was affected by serious human activities.