关于环境风险评价的若干问题探讨

环境风险评价能避免突发性环境污染事故的发生，并为环境风险管理决策提供科学依据，促进社会可持续发展。介绍了国内外环境风险评价的发展，提出环境风险评价面临社会经济条件和社会期望变化引起的五点挑战，重点论述了环境风险评价标准和不确定性分析。讨论了环境风险评价标准制定的原则和方法，列举出各国有关机构推荐的可接受和可忽略风险值；分析了造成环境风险评价不确定性的客观和主观原因，提出不确定性解决对策和不确定性分析方法。最后提出展望与建议。

Discussion of Some Issues about Environmental Risk Assessment

Environmental risk assessment can avoid the occurrence of abrupt environmental pollution accidents and provide scientific basis for environmental risk management and decision - making. It promotes the sustainable development. The paper introduces the development of environmental risk assessment at home and abroad, it needs to meet five challenges arising from changes in the socio - economic conditions and aspirations of our society. And then, it mainly discusses environmental risk assessment standard and uncertainty analysis. It discusses the principles and methods of environmental risk assessment criterion making and cites the numerical values for acceptable and negligible levels of risk from related agencies of many countries; it analyzes the objective and subjective reasons for its uncertainty, and puts forward solutions and analysis methods. Finally, it proposes expectations and suggestions.