固体径迹探测器与RAD-7测氡仪测定民用建筑工程室内氡浓度的比较

民用建筑工程室内氡的监测方法很多,其中固体径迹探测器法属于国标方法,RAD-7测氡仪法为近年来引进的仪器监测方法。本文对两种方法进行了比较,包括监测方法及原理、比对试验,并分析了2种方法的相关性、一致性和精度,以及两者在民用建筑工程室内氡验收监测的实际应用中的优缺点等,结果表明:以上两种方法从技术角度上讲,各有优点,均能满足一般室内空气中氡浓度的监测要求,虽然可利用固体径迹探测器法累积测量的结果来估算居住者受照剂量,进而评价氡的辐射危害,但因检验周期(至少30 d)过长,所以不适宜于工程检测;比较而言,RAD-7测氡仪的配置参数和测量方式更适宜于民用建筑工程的室内氡监测,已成为目前监测的主要方法,但在实际监测中,还需注意合理设置足够长的采样时间、湿度控制在10%以下、气路中残留气体的冲洗净化以及当初测值接近或超过《规范》规定的限量值时,有必要进一步延长监测时间进行跟踪监测等事项,以保证监测结果准确可靠。

Comparison of Solid Track Detector and RAD-7 Emanometer Method in Determining Indoor Radon Concentration

There are many ways to test the indoor radon in civil engineering,of which the solid track detector method is a national standard method,while RAD-7 emanometer is an instrument monitoring method introduced in recent years.This paper compares these two methods in aspects including,monitoring methods and principles,comparison tests,and then analyzes the relevance,consistency and accuracy of the two methods as well as the advantage and disadvantages in the actual application of these two methods in indoor civil engineering,etc.The results show that the two methods have their own advantages from a technical point of view.They can meet the general indoor radon concentration monitoring requirements.Although the solid track detector method can assess the radiation harms by estimating radiation dosage received by the residents by the cumulative results,the long testing period（at least 30d） is not suitable for engineering inspection.The parameter configuration and measuring methods of RAD-7 emanometer is more suitable for indoor radon monitoring in civil engineering.It has become the main method for monitoring,but in the actual application,attention have to be paid to set enough time for sampling,humidity is lower than 10%,gas flushing of residual gas purification,and the measured values approach or exceed the original ＂standard＂ provisions of limited value.It is necessary to further extend the time of tracking and monitoring etc.to ensure accurate and reliable monitoring results.