荆州市地表水沉积物中磷的形态分析

通过对荆州地区主要地表水沉积物中磷的形态分析，揭示了地表水沉积物中不同形态磷的分布特征。结果表明：地表水沉积物中磷主要有交换态磷（Ex—P）、铝磷（Al-P）、铁磷（Fe—P）、闭蓄态磷（Oe—P）、自生钙磷（ACa—P）、碎屑钙磷（De—P）、有机磷（Or—P）7种磷，其中以自生钙磷（ACa—P）、碎屑钙磷（De—P）和有机磷（Or—P）为主，约占总提取磷的95％。自然条件下，绝大部分湖泊的沉积物中95％以上的磷是以生物较难利用的形态存在的，活性磷所占比例较小，不足沉积物总磷的3％；沉积物中铝磷、铁磷、闭蓄态磷、自生钙磷的含量与总磷含量均没有明显相关性。各形态磷的含量分布与水体沉积物的释磷特点及其地球化学循环规律，并受沿岸污水排放及近岸养殖排污等人为活动的影响。

The Phosphorus Forms Analysis in the Jingzhou Region Earth's Surface Water and Sediments

By the morphological analysis of the phosphorus in the main surface water and sediment in Jingzhou Prefecture, the paper have announced the distribution characteristic of different shapes phosphorus in the surface water and sediment. The experimental result shows ： The phosphorus exchanges the attitude phosphorus mainly in the surface water and sediment （Ex - P）, aluminium phosphorus （ Al - P ）, iron phosphorus （ Fe - P ）, closing and holding the attitude phosphorus （ Oc - P ）, spontaneous calcium phosphorus （ ACa - P ）, piece calcium phosphorus （ De - P ）, organic phosphorus （ Or - P ）, among them take sponta- neous calcium phosphorus （ACa- P ）, piece calcium phosphorus （De -P ） and organic phosphorus （Or- P ） as the core, account for 95% that always draws the phosphorus. Under natural conditions, more than 95% of the phosphorus is that the shape more difficult to utilize exist with the living beings in the sediment of most lakes, the active phosphorus is relatively small in proportion, fewer than 3% of the total phosphorus of sediment ; Sediment aluminium phosphorus, iron phosphorus, is it hold attitude phosphorus, spontaneous calcium content and total phosphorus content of phosphorus have obvious dependence to dose. Every shape content of phosphorus distribute with water body sediment clearing up lawing, characteristic of phosphorus and circulation of geochemistrying, and along sewage discharge last influence of activity not artificial.