Changes in soil fertility parameters and the environmental effects in a rapidly developing region of China |
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| Authors: | Jeremy L Darilek Biao Huang Zhigang Wang Yanbing Qi Yongcun Zhao Weixia Sun Zhiquan Gu Xuezheng Shi |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi''an University of Technology, Xi'' an, Shaanxi 710048, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry-land Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China;3. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xi''an University of Technology, Xi'' an, Shaanxi 710048, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA;4. Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;1. IRD, UMR 242 iEES Paris, équipe BioPhys, 32 Avenue H. Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France;2. Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Dong Ngac, Tu Liem, Hanoi, Viet Nam;3. NAFRI, National University of Vientiane, BP 811, Vientiane, Laos;4. UMR iEES Paris, équipe EcoIso, Campus AgroParisTech, Bâtiment EGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France;5. IFCWS, Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bangalore, India |
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| Abstract: | An extensive knowledge of the temporal variability of soil fertility parameters and how this variation affects the environment is imperative to a wide range of disciplines within agricultural science for optimal crop production and ecosystem preservation. This paper examines the temporal variability of soil pH, organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (PAv), and available potassium (KAv) on Cambosols (Entisols) (n = 179) and Anthrosols (Inceptisols) (n = 95) in Zhangjiagang County, China from 1980 to 2004. Nutrient input was monitored from 1983 to 2004. Annual N fertilizer rates were significantly different during three periods (1983–1989, 1989–1999, 1999–2004), where annual rates increased significantly after 1989 and then decreased after 1999. Annual P fertilizer rates were significantly different during two periods (1983–1993, 1993–2004) where annual rates increased after 1993. No change was found in K fertilizer rates. Soil pH marginally increased by 0.14 units in Cambosols, but significantly decreased by 1.02 units in Anthrosols. OM, CEC, and TN increased in both soil orders an average of 2.15 g kg?1, 1.6 cmol kg?1, and 0.21 g kg?1, respectively. TP decreased in Anthrosols by 70 mg kg?1, PAv increased in Cambosols by 4.83 mg kg?1, and KAv decreased in Cambosols by 15 mg kg?1. Fertilizer input rates are causing nutrient imbalances, contributing to acidification in Anthrosols, and decreasing C/N ratios. Nutrient loading of N and deficiency of K is also a potential problem in the area. Efforts should be made to readjust soil nutrient inputs to reach an optimal, sustainable level. |
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