Characteristics of methane emission from wetland rice–duck complex ecosystem |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, PR China;2. College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan Province, PR China;1. SRUC, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK;2. School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JN, UK;3. ADAS, Boxworth, CB33 4NN, UK;1. Grassland Department of Animal Science and Technology College, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, PR China;3. USDA–ARS Forage and Range Research Lab, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322–6300, USA;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, Ohio State University, 470 Hitchcock Hall, 2070 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;2. Everglades Wetland Research Park, Florida Gulf Coast University, 4940 Bayshore Drive, Naples FL 34112 USA;3. Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 195 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102 USA;1. Farming Systems Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, 65145, Malang, Indonesia;3. Agricultural Food Crops, Plantation and Horticulture Office of Cianjur District. Jl. Raya Bandung 61, Karang Tengah, Cianjur, 43281, West Java, Indonesia |
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| Abstract: | The effects of rice–duck complex ecosystem on methane emission were investigated through two experimental approaches of plot and field experiments in subtropical region of China. Compared with conventional rice fields, the rice–duck ecological planting and breeding model significantly decreased the methane emission from paddy fields. Methane emission flux from rice–duck complex ecosystem presented distinct diurnal and seasonal variations. The diurnal variation in methane emission flux was basically consistent with daily temperature change, and methane emission flux reached a peak from 12 noon to 2 p.m. But the seasonal variation patterns of methane emission flux were not completely consistent between early rice and late rice. The peak of methane emission flux for early rice and late rice, respectively, appeared in the young panicle differentiation stage and the full tillering stage. Moreover, the seasonal fluctuation range of methane emission flux from early rice was smaller than that from late rice, and the total amount of methane emission from late rice also significantly higher than that from early rice. These results clearly indicate the possibility of reducing methane emission under wetland rice–duck complex ecosystem. |
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