风险社会中突发事件的特征与处置理念探析

突发性事件由于其本身所具有突发性、紧急性、危重性、复杂性、关联性、广泛性、政治性和不确定性等特征,所以其负面性影响很大,往往可能成为激发社会矛盾、进而爆发政治、经济和社会危机的直接原因。而经济转轨、社会转型、利益群体多元化等许多不稳定的因素,对局部地区乃至全国的经济发展和社会稳定构成了潜在威胁。在这样一个具有诸多风险因素的社会,由此而引发的突发事件又有形式多元化、规模扩大化、形态群体化、影响辐射化、目标国际化等特点。所以,在现阶段,处置突发事件的理念必须适应这种风险社会的公共危机特点,做到危机缓和,未病先防;以人为本,取信于民;利益调和,治病求本。

Analysis of the Characteristics of Emergencies and the Ideas of Handling Them in a Risky Society

Because of its paroxysmal characteristics,its exigency,seriousness,complexity,relevancy,extensity,political nature,and uncertainty,an emergency exerts tremendous negative influence and often becomes the direct reason of social conflict and consequent crisis in politics,economy and society.There are many unstable factors which have been potential threat to the economic development and social stability of some areas or even the whole country,such as economy transition,society transition and interests-group pluralism.In such a risky society,an emergency has the characteristics of pluralism,scale-magnification,form-grouplization,influence radiation and goal internationalization.Therefore,at the present stage,the ideas of handling emergencies must adapt to the characteristics of a risky society: mitigating and taking precautions against crisis,obtaining public trust by people oriented policies;harmonizing interests and finding out roots of accidents.