粪便堆肥反应器载体性质变化及其对微生物影响

使用锯末作为堆肥反应器的微生物载体,研究了锯末载体性质的变化特性及其对微生物的影响。在历时90d的反应试验中,每日定时定量投加粪便,均匀混合,控制含水率和反应温度,对载体的总固体(TS)、灰分(Ash)、容重、孔隙度、木质素、纤维素以及好氧细菌和兼性细菌的数量进行了分析。实验结果表明,在每日定量投加1kg粪便(4~5人/d排泄量)的条件下,TS和Ash分别由最初的0.393g/g和0.024g/g增加到0.586g/g和0.138g/g。TS和Ash的增加导致载体容重的增加,容重由最初的0.052g/cm3增加到0.137g/cm3。相反,孔隙度由92.24%降低到89.42%。反应前后,载体的主要成分纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的含量分别下降了9.5%、3.2%和0.86%。好氧细菌总数由109cfu/g下降至107cfu/g,而兼性菌数量由105cfu/g增加到108cfu/g。由此可知,孔隙度是保障载体通气性和微生物良好生长环境的重要条件,由于载体通气性能下降,好氧微生物生长条件不断恶化,这是反应器工作周期受到限制的主要原因。

Variation Characteristics of Sawdust as Matrix in Human Feces Composting Reactor and Its Effect on Microorganisms

Using sawdust as microbial matrix for an aerobic composting reactor,the variation characteristics of sawdust and its effect on microorganisms were studied. In an experimental operation of rector for 90days,human feces was fed every day with a fixed quantity,well mixed with matrix and decomposed under a ventilated condition with controlled moisture content and temperature. Daily analysis parameters included total solids (TS),ash,bulk density and porosity,lignocelluloses and number of aerobic bacteria and fac...