非点源污染负荷模型的比较与选择

随着点源污染治理的深入,非点源污染的严重性日益凸显。对非点源污染进行定量化和有效控制的方法是通过非点源污染负荷模型对各类非点源的形成、迁移转化以及负荷量进行模拟。然而,非点源污染模型大都由发达国家开发,而且结构和参数各不相同,如何在实际应用中选择适合的模型成为非点源污染模拟的重要问题。文章选择国内常用的SWAT、HSPF、AnnAGNPS和GWLF 4个非点源污染模型,从结构、输入输出以及所应用的流域来对模型进行比较,最后给出非点源污染模型在国内使用时,模型选择的原则和建议。

Comparison and Selection among Nonpoint Pollution Models

Seriousness of non-point source(NPS) pollution has already aroused world-wide attention since the point source pollution is controlled effectively.As an effective method of controlling and quantifying non-point source pollution,non-point pollution source model is used to simulate the formation,transport and loadings of non-point pollution.However,studies of NPS pollution in China largely depends on experiences and methods from other countries.Due to the different application conditions and situations,the direct use of these exotic models may cause large errors.It is an important issue how to select most suitable model during practical application.4 public dominate models including SWAT,HSPF,AnnAGNPS and GWLF that widely used in China were collected to compare the model structure and functions,input and output data as well as their applications.Based on these comparisons,the principle and advice was recommended when selecting model in China.