宣威肺癌高发区冬季室内PM_(10)的微观形貌特征

高浓度的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)会对人体多个系统产生损害,室内PM10是宣威肺癌的发生的重要影响因素。应用高分辨率场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和图像分析技术研究了宣威肺癌高发区虎头村2008年冬季取暖期室内可吸入颗粒物的形貌特征以及不同种类颗粒物的数量-粒度和体积-粒度分布。结果表明,在数量-粒度分布上,烟尘集合体、矿物颗粒在虎头村呈现呈双峰分布,主峰为0.1～0.6μm,燃煤飞灰虎头村PM10数量贡献最大,说明虎头村燃煤污染严重;自然来源的不规则状沙尘对虎头村PM10的数量贡献更大;体积-粒度分布基本上呈单峰分布,1～2.5μm的颗粒物对质量浓度贡献较大。

Microscopic Characteristics and Size Distribution of Winter Indoor PM_(10) in the High Incidence Area of Lung Cancer in Xuanwei

High resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and image analysis were employed to study individual particle morphology and the number-size and volume-size distribution of the indoor PM_(10) collected in high incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province during winter. Results showed that mineral particle and soot aggregates displayed two peak in number-size distribution, the mineral particle number-size distribution showed the high peak of Hutou Village was in the range of 0.1～0.6μm, which implied that coal fly ash accounted for a larger proportion of the number-size distribution, unknown ultra-free particles and soot aggregates made great contributions to number -size distribution. The volume-size distribution showed particle in the range of 1～2.5μm contributed greater to mass concentration.