土地利用及生态服务价值变化的图形信息特征分析——以松花江流域哈尔滨段为例

以遥感影像资料为依据,运用地学信息图谱方法和Costanza的生态服务价值计算方法,在RS和GIS的支持下分析1996~2005年松花江流域哈尔滨段土地利用及其生态服务价值的时空变化特征。结果表明:土地利用转化过程以耕地-林地、草地-林地和未利用地-林地为主,其中耕地-林地相互转换最为剧烈,林地、水域和建设用地具有较高的保留率,草地、未利用地和耕地具有较高的转换率;1996~2005年研究区的生态系统服务价值总量增加314.543×107元,大面积的耕地、草地转化为生态价值系数较高的林地和水域是其主要原因;生态环境增值区域,耕地转化为水域的贡献率最大,为27.61%,生态环境减值区域,林地转化为耕地的贡献率最大,为3.761%。

Analysis of Land Use and Its Ecosystem Service Value Change by Graphic Information:A Case Study of Harbin Section of Songhuajiang Watershed

This paper deals with land use and its ecosystem service values using state-of-the-art theory of geographic information images (TUPU)and the Costanza method supported by RS and GIS,focusing on Harbin section of the Songhuajiang River Watershed regarding its spatio-temporal changes of land use/cover change (LUCC)and ecosystem service value (ESV).Based on the remote sensing data,it was found dynamic conversion processes in this area were dominated by cultivated land-forest land,grassland-forest land and unused land-forest land,among the others,inter-conversion of cultivated land-forest land was at the highest frequency;forest land,water area and construction land maintained relatively high retention rates.The ecosystem services were estimated in terms of ESV:an increase of 314.543×107 yuan (RMB)during the period from 1996 to 2005,mainly due to the conversion tended to being from cultivated land and grassland to forest and waters;conversely,depreciation of ESV was mainly due to the conversion from forest land to cultivated land.