煤矸石作无土栽培基质的可行性研究

煤矸石是我国煤炭工业主要的废弃物之一,一方面占用大量农田和土地,另一方面也成为固、液和气三害俱全的污染源,造成了一系列生态环境问题。为了加强对煤矸石利用以使其资源化,试验在分析煤矸石的理化性质的基础上,采用复合脱硫剂对煤矸石进行脱硫处理,探讨了脱硫煤矸石基质对小白菜的生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:煤矸石的容重小、孔隙度大、气水比适中,无重金属污染。当加入复合脱硫剂处理时,其对全硫和有效硫的脱除率分别为86.12%和89.16%。脱硫煤矸石基质栽培小白菜产量、维生素C和可溶性糖含量分别为4.51kg/m2、45.76mg/100g、60.2mg/kg,均高于土壤栽培,分别为土壤栽培的1.11、1.24、1.23倍,与炉渣栽培相接近,NO3-含量却低于土壤。

Feasibility Study on Gangue as Soilless Substrates

Gangue as one of the largest wastes of coal industry not only takes up quantities of farmland and land,but also causes serious environmental pollution.To comprehensively utilize the resource,the gangue was desulphurized by compound desulphurization reagents based on analysis of its physical and chemical properties.And the effects of desulphurized gangue on growth,yield and quality of Chinese cabbage were studied.Results showed total porosity in the gangue was greater and bulk density was less.Heavy metal pollution was not found.The desulphurization rates of total sulphur and available sulphur were 86.12% and 89.16% respectively.The yield and contents of vitamin C and soluble sugar of plants growing on the desulphurized gangue were 4.51kg/m2,45.76mg/100g and 60.2mg/kg respectively,higher than those on soils and close to those on slag.However,the content of NO3-was lower than that on soil.