气候变化对湿地景观格局的影响研究综述

气候变化是影响湿地景观格局变化的主要自然因素。文章从气候变化对湿地水资源面积、湿地土地利用格局、湿地植被空间格局及湿地生物多样性格局的影响研究等方面进行了综述,并对完善气候变化下湿地景观格局变化的研究方法和技术手段进行了探讨。指出:应用气候模型进行未来气候预测时,应合理选择气候变化情景,并确保不同模型的时空尺度匹配;应用"3S"技术提取湿地类型信息、观测湿地土地覆盖变化时要确保信息的精度,不同来源的数据必须采取制图综合等手段;实现气候变化下湿地景观结构与生态过程相结合的动态格局分析。

Review on Impacts of Climate Change on Wetland Landscape Patterns

Climate change is considered as one of the most important natural factors which affect wetland landscape patterns.A series of scientific achievements about the impacts of climate change on wetland landscape patterns in recent decades,mainly about the impacts of climate change on water resources area,land use patterns,vegetation spatial patterns and biodiversity patterns of wetlands were summarised.Then some discussions about how to improve research methods and technological means of wetland landscape patterns change under climate change were put forward.When a climate model is applied to forecast future climate,reasonable climate change scenarios should be selected,and ensure that different models can match each other in spatial and temporal scales.When the 3S technology is applied to extract information of wetland types and observe land cover changes,the information and data from different sources must be synthesized by means of cartography to improve the result accuracy.To achieve dynamic pattern analysis,the future research should combine wetland landscape structure with ecological processes under climate change.