曝气生物滤池处理高氨氮含铍废水研究

含铍废水具有较高的毒性,目前关于其处理方法的研究较少。文章针对铍冶炼废水中铍超标以及高氨氮浓度的问题,选取接种有微生物的曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺同时去除氨氮和铍,并分析其去除铍的机理。反应器系统的长期运行结果表明,BAF对高氨氮含铍废水具有较好的处理效果。在进水氨氮浓度200 mg/L,铍浓度50~100μg/L,停留时间24 h条件下,处理出水氨氮浓度稳定在1.8~10.0 mg/L,铍浓度小于5μg/L。BAF主要通过系统中的微生物去除铍,载体对铍的吸附量较小,用Langmuir模型对吸附数据进行拟合,得到微生物对铍的吸附容量为684.9μg/g。形态提取实验表明,被微生物去除的铍主要以有机结合态存在,且微生物细胞表面对铍的吸附量有限,大量的铍富集于微生物细胞内,为此,BAF对铍有长期稳定的处理效果。

Treatment of Beryllium Containing Wastewater with High Ammonia Concentration by Biological Aerated Filters

Beryllium-containing wastewater is of high toxicity,but there are limited researches concerning its treatment.Beryllium smelting wastewater contains high concentrations of beryllium and ammonia.Biological aerated filters(BAF),which was inoculated with microorganisms,was used to treat beryllium smelting wastewater,and the mechanisms involved were investigated.Results show that BAF could remove beryllium and ammonia simultaneously.When influent concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and beryllium were 200 mg/L and 50~100 μg/L respectively,HRT was 24 h,the concentration ammonia was in the range of 1.8~10.0 mg/L,and beryllium concentration was less than 5 μg/L in the effluent.The removal of beryllium was mainly attributed to the microorganisms in BAF,and the maximum uptake of beryllium by microorganisms calculated by Langmuir equation was 684.9 μg/g.The beryllium removed by BAF was mainly combined to organic fraction.Moreover,large amount of beryllium accumulated inside the cell with limited biosorption by the external surface of microorganisms.Therefore,high removal efficiency of beryllium by BAF was observed.