鼠李糖脂及其产生菌对原油生物降解影响研究

考察了外加鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂和接种鼠李糖脂产生菌O-2-2对混合烃类降解菌降解原油的影响。结果表明,在降解体系中添加鼠李糖脂使原油20天的降解率由35.7%提高到57.6%。加入鼠李糖脂可同时提高烷烃和芳烃的降解率。在降解体系中接入菌株O-2-2能够快速利用石油烃中的烷烃类化合物并合成鼠李糖脂类生物表面活性剂,从而有效提高总石油烃的降解率。体系中菌株O-2-2的接入虽然使饱和烃的降解率大大提高,却降低了芳烃的降解率;这说明菌株O-2-2和其它烃类降解菌之间可能存在竞争生长关系。

Effect of Adding Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant and Inoculating Rhamnolipid-producing Strain on Oil Biodegradation

The effect of adding rhamnolipid and inoculating biosurfactant-producing strain to the biodegradation system of petroleum hydrocarbons was investigated. The addition of rhamnolipid increased the biodegradation extent of total petroleum hydrocarbon from 35.7% to 57.6% within 20 days. The biodegradation rates of both saturate and aromatic fractions were enhanced.Biosurfactant-producing strain O-2-2 could utilize saturate fractions of crude oil and excrete rhamnolipid biosurfactant,resulting in a higher biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon. Co-inoculating biosurfactant-producing strain O-2-2 could enhance the biodegradation of saturate fractions greatly, but decrease that of aromatic fractions, which indicated that there might be competition between biosurfactant-producing strain and the hydrocarbon-degrading consortium.