江苏省大雾持续时间及相关要素的周末效应

使用1996-2006年共11年南京、淮安、徐州、赣榆、射阳、东台、吕泗、溧阳8站大雾持续时间、气温、湿度、风速等资料进行周末效应的研究,结果表明:大雾持续时间存在明显的周末效应,并和风速、相对湿度的周末效应相一致,即在周末风速较小、湿度较大。通过对2001-2006年南京市用电量进行分析,发现其存在明显的周末效应,即在周六、周日陡然下降,在周一大幅上升,表明人类活动具有7天的短周期循环,同时发现大雾持续时间和用电量的周末效应是一致的,说明人类活动和大雾持续时间存在着一定的因果关系。使用南京市2001-2006年可吸入颗粒物浓度资料进行要素周末效应的研究,结果表明大雾持续时间也与气溶胶浓度存在着的显著的周末效应相一致。文章认为,人类活动导致周末气溶胶浓度增大,从而使大雾在周末持续时间延长,影响人类生活,体现了人类活动和高影响性大雾天气的相互作用。

Weekend Effect of Fog Duration and Other Related Elements in Jiangsu Province

Based on observations of 8 synoptic stations in Jiangsu province,the weekly change of urban fog duration,air temperature,humidity and wind speed were revealed in the present study.A clear weekly cycle is revealed in the fog duration,which is coincident with the cycles in air humidity and wind speed,i.e.,less(larger) surface wind speed,and larger(smaller) wind speed during weekend days(weekday).Further studies on the weekly cycle in power consumption and PM10(aerosol particulate matters of diameter<10 μm) concentration for the period between June 2001 and December 2006 indicate that the human activity shows a significant weekly cycle with the largest value on weekdays and smallest value in weekend,corresponding with the variance of fog duration,which indicates the human activity would play an important role in generating the week cycle in fog duration.The effect of the weekly cycle of human activity related aerosol on fog duration reflects the interactions between human activities and high-impact of heavy fog.