基于生态服务的城乡景观生态安全格局的构建

以安徽淮北市为例,针对城市发展所造成的城乡生态环境品质降低等问题,期望通过景观生态安全格局的构建,维护区域生态系统健康与稳定。文章基于生态系统服务和景观生态安全格局理论,利用生态服务功能价值评价以及耗费距离模型等分析方法,通过模拟重要生态廊道,与现有廊道进行对比,发现问题并提出优化策略,优化城市景观结构与功能,改善城乡生态系统服务。研究结果表明,淮北城市森林在空间上的衔接性不高;研究区域内众多湿地没有足够的廊道相连,尚未形成良好的湿地生态网络;主城区交通廊道密度较高,但连接度不够,乡村地区交通廊道分布较少且稀疏。因而进行城乡景观生态安全格局的构建十分重要和必要。研究结果可为淮北生态城市建设提供一定的参考,为其他相关研究提供思路和方法上的借鉴。

Landscape Security Pattern Design Based on Ecosystem Service

Fast urbanization has aroused lots of environment problems.It is necessary to strengthen the spatial connections among landscape units,and to design urban landscape security pattern.Landscape contains a spatial structure connected by corridors and patches.To maintain the regional ecological balance and health,a landscape security pattern based on least-cost modeling in Huaibei,Anhui Province was designed.Eco-service theory was combined with landscape ecological pattern theory.Least-cost modeling(available as a toolbox in GIS-systems)was used to calculate effective distance.By using the method as well as evaluating the value of eco-service,some important ecological corridors were modeled.Compared with primary corridors,the problems were found and the ecological network was improved to build a secure landscape.Results showed that convergence degree of urban forest in Huaibei is not very high.There are not enough corridors to connect wetlands in study area,and cannot form a good wetlands network.Density of urban traffic corridors is high,but quantity of traffic corridors in rural is little and distribution is spare.It concluded that designing and constructing a security landscape pattern are very important and essential.The study would provide a reference for similar cities,and promote urban-rural future landscape ecological development.