新疆部分城市可吸入颗粒物的浓度及粒径分布

采用TH-β10大气颗粒物浓度监测仪,从2011年4-5月在乌鲁木齐、奎屯、阿克苏、库尔勒、喀什、和田市环境监测站采集大气可吸入颗粒物PM2.5、PM5和PM10样品,分析了不同采样点大气颗粒物的质量浓度变化范围及与TSP的相应比值。结果表明,不论是PM2.5、PM5还是PM10,阿克苏市可吸入颗粒物的质量浓度变化幅度较大,其次是库尔勒市,其余采样点在采样期间的浓度变化幅度不大,并且库尔勒、喀什、奎屯、阿克苏四个城市PM5/TSP和PM2.5/TSP的比例大,除喀什、阿克苏的PM10/TSP的比例接近于1之外,其余可吸入颗粒物的浓度均小于TSP;采用显微镜观测成像技术结合血球计数板方法,利用粒径分布函数分析对六个城市的PM10和5个城市的PM2.5颗粒物在不同粒径的分布进行了分析。结果表明,对于PM10而言,阿克苏在dp<0.5的粒径范围内分布函数高达79%、喀什在dp=0.5~0.6μm之间为44%、和田则在dp=1.2~2.2μm出现20%的最大粒径分布函数。就PM2.5而言,库尔勒在dp<0.5、dp=0.5~0.6、0.6~1.2μm区间内的分布函数均为最大值,其值分为79%、50%、50%,可以说明在采样期间,库尔勒市区的颗粒物在粒径小于1.2μm出现的几率更大些,即颗粒物以积聚模态为主。

The Size Distribution of Fine Particle Matters in Some Cities in Xinjiang

The observation of particle concentration has been conducted from 2011 April to May in the city of Urumqi,Kuitun,Aksu,Korla,Kashgar,Hotan.It has been found that the fluctuation range of fine particle concentration of PM2.5,PM5 and PM10 in Aksu is bigger other city.The proportion of PM5/TSP and PM2.5/TSP is large of Kuitun,Aksu,Korla,Kashgar city and the PM10/TSP near to 1 of Aksu and Kashgar.And the size distribution has been analyzed by microscope observation imaging technology integrate with the method of Blood cell counts Board and size distribution function,the results show that the percentage of the distribution function of ultrafine particles(dp<0.5 μm) was found to be 79% in PM10 of Aksu,and for dp=0.5~0.6 μm was found to be 44% of Kashgar and dp=1.2~2.2 μm was found to be 20% of Hotan.And for the PM2.5,the percentage of the distribution function of ultrafine particles(dp<0.5、dp=0.5~0.6、0.6~1.2 μm) was found to be the maximum,the was 79%、50%、50% respectively.These results indicate that fine particle was presence by Accumulation mode at city in the sampling period.