全球变化下的适应性及其研究进展

全球变化及其相关的适应性研究是当前地学领域研究的焦点问题之一。在综述国内外相关研究成果的基础上,辨析全球变化、适应性等相关概念,梳理适应性研究的发展进程和侧重点,将其归纳为依附脆弱性研究和独立研究两大类。其中,依附脆弱性研究将脆弱性看作是适应能力的函数,研究主要集中在脆弱性评价下的适应指数研究、影响子因素分层研究与策略研究等几大部分;而独立适应性研究,通过构建完整的体系,研究集中在以指标评价法为代表的适应能力研究和以情景模拟法为代表的适应策略预测分析上。地学研究强调适应性的尺度问题,未来需加强对不同尺度规模适应性研究的定量分析,建立跨尺度适应性研究框架;深入研究城市适应全球变化的能力与策略;同时加强适应性研究相关技术和工具的开发,以提高适应能力评估的准确性及适应策略的科学性。

Study and Advances in Research on Adaptation under Global-Change

Adaptation has been highlighted in the field of global environmental change with bio-physical changes on the surface of the earth.As for the status quo of related research at home and abroad,this article identify the relevant concepts of global change,vulnerability,adaptation and mitigation in earth sciences and conclude the advances in adaptation,which can be divided into two phase: adaptation which attached to vulnerability and individual adaptation.Regarding vulnerability as the adaptability function,the previous stage is mainly focused on the vulnerability framework,vulnerability assessment of adaptation index research,hierarchy analyze on influence factor and strategy research.The framework of individual adaptation is summarized from point view of geo-science,including adaptive object,adaptive subject,adaptive strategy and adaptive effects.Adaptive capacity represented by Index Evaluation Method and adaptive strategy represented by Scenario Simulation are emphasized.The scaling issues of adaptation study are strengthened under the geo-science field,so analysis on adaptive capacity and adaptive measures at different scales and reason of spatiotemporal difference require further study to establish a cross-scale adaptation framework.The strong interaction zone as global change in urban areas should be in-depth study of its ability and strategies to adapt to global change.At the same time should strengthen the adaptability of technology and tools to enhance scientific accuracy of adaptive capacity assessment and adaptation strategies.