北京市食物消费虚拟水含量研究

虚拟水是指在生产商品和服务过程中消耗的水资源数量。人们在消费商品或服务的过程中,即在消费隐含其中的虚拟水。我国是水资源比较匮乏的国家,且水资源在时间和空间上分布不均匀。随着人口和经济的不断增长,我国对水资源的需求也逐渐增加,缺水问题日益严重。水资源短缺已经成为制约我国社会经济发展的关键因素。虚拟水理论为解决水资源危机提供了新的思路。在居民的虚拟水消费中,食物消费中隐含的虚拟水占很大比例,且食物消费与居民生活息息相关。本文以北京市为例,计算了2009年北京市居民食物消费中隐含的虚拟水含量,并对城乡居民和不同收阶层居民的食物虚拟水消费总量及结构进行了对比分析。结果显示,北京市居民食物消费的虚拟水含量在城乡间及城乡各收入阶层间都存在差异,且城乡间及农村各收入阶层间虚拟水消费结构也存在差异。造成这种差异的原因是消费水平及消费结构的不同。

An Analysis of Virtual Water Content of Food Consumption in Beijing

Virtual water is the amount of water consumed in the process of producing goods and services.Virtual water consumption happens when people use the goods or services.With the growing population and economy,China's demand for water is increasing,and water scarcity is getting serious.The shortage of water resource has become an obstacle of social and economic development.Virtual water theory provides a new solution for water crisis.Virtual water content of food consumption takes a large proportion of residents...