重庆秀山锰矿区土壤和植物锰污染调查与评价

文章通过现场取样对重庆秀山锰矿区锰污染状况进行了调查分析。应用地积累指数法对锰矿区矿渣堆以及农田土壤Mn污染进行评价,结果表明矿区土壤及部分农田土壤Mn污染极其严重。矿区植物对Mn的吸收表现为富集型植物(如垂序商陆Phytolacca americana Linn.)、根部囤积型植物(如紫花香薷Elsholfizia argyi Levl.)、规避型植物(如长波叶山蚂蝗Desmodium sequax Wall.),可根据其特点通过制定合理的植被恢复措施修复Mn污染土壤。采用单项污染指数法对矿区种植蔬菜的Mn污染水平进行评价,发现辣椒、萝卜的食用部分受Mn污染极严重,长期食用这些蔬菜对人体健康存在很大风险。

Investigation and Assessment of Contaminated Soils and Plants by Mn in Manganese Mining Area in Xiushan Autonomous County of Chongqing

Manganese contents of soils and dominant plants from manganese mining areas in Xiushan autonomous county of Chongqing were measured,and the index of geoaccumulation was used to evaluate the pollution in Mn mining tailings and crop soils around.Results showed that the soils in Mn mining tailings and cropland around were extremely contaminated.The uptake of Mn by dominant plants can be classified into three types including the accumulator Phytolacca americana Linn.,which absorbs a large content of Mn by roots and transports it to the shoots,the root compartment Elsholfizia argyi Levl.,which also absorbs a large content of Mn but mainly in the roots,and the excluder Desmodium sequax Wall.,which absorbs a smaller content of Mn than the accumulator,which would provide a scientific basis to remediate Mn contaminated soil using plants.The single pollution index was applied to assess Mn contents from vegetables of Mn mining tailings,the results showed that the edible parts of carrots and peppers growing around Mn mineland were seriously polluted,thus vegetable and crops irrigated using the mine water or cultivated under Mn mining tailing are not safe for human health.