土壤条件与植物响应

植物对土壤状况的反应并不仅仅表现为根系具有吸收水分和营养元素的能力。植物根系能够感应到土壤的某些不利因素，对枝干发出信号，从而锻炼植株以抵抗退化或严酷的环境。这种信号能影响植株气孔导度、细胞伸长、细胞分裂及叶的出现速度等：对植物生长有重要影响的土壤物理条件包括土壤硬度、容器大小、孔隙大小和土壤干燥度等，在这些条件极端化的情况下，植物往往表现为生长变缓，根、叶等器官形态发牛改变。而在某些土壤化学条件不利的情况下，如土壤酸度增加、养分缺乏或发生铝毒时，植物则通过产生根际分泌物、降低生长速率及富集作用等来适应环境，维持生命。了解植物对不良环境的适应机制有利于筛选出具有一定抗性的优良基因类型。

Soil conditions and plant responses

Plants can respond to soil conditions in ways that can not readily be explained in terms of the ability of the roots to take up water and nutrients. Roots may sense difficult conditions in the soil and thence send inhibitory signals to the shoots that harden the plants against the consequences of a deteriorating of restrictive environment. The inhibitory signals may affect stomatal conductance, cell expansion, cell division and the rate of leaf appearance. As a result, plants grow slowly or change their shape to adapt to environment. The paper introduces some soil conditions which affect plant evidently including soil hardness, soil macropore, soil drying, nutrient content, soil acidity and so on. To know how plants respond adaptively to restrictive environment is propitious to select excellent genotypes with certain resistance.