天然湿地生态系统评价技术研究进展

当前湿地科学已成为世界各国研究重点,其中湿地评价技术是热点之一。文章回顾了国内外河口、河流和湖库湿地生态系统评价指标体系、湿地生态环境质量现状及脆弱性及其生态系统健康评价技术、湿地生态系统功能、效益、价值评价技术研究现状以及新技术在上述这些领域中的应用。这些研究多是针对常规环境条件下小空间尺度、单一类型或单一动力作用下的湿地生态系统功能、效益和环境质量方面的评价。在此基础上,考虑宏观尺度上湿地生态系统与其周围生态系统的相互作用以及非常规环境条件下湿地生态系统的响应机制,提出完善天然湿地生态系统评价技术需要发展的几个方面,包括湿地-河流生态系统评价、湿地生态系统对临近区域及其子系统可持续发展的影响评价、湿地生态系统反馈评价以及极端条件下湿地生态系统评价技术。

Advances in assessment research of nature wetland

Wetland science research has been paid great attention to and the nature wetland assessment was one of the key researches all over the world in recent years. The paper reviewed briefly the advances in the assessment index,the assessment technology of ecological environment quality and its fragility,benefit and health,and ecological system function,benefit and value in the estuarine,river,reservoir and lake wetland,as well as the application of the new technology in the above-mentioned aspects. These researches aimed mostly at the little scale,the single type of wetland ecological system or it acted on by the single force at the conventional environment conditions. Based on it,considering the mutual action between wetland ecological system and its ambient ecological system and the response mechanism of the wetland ecological at the extreme environment conditions,the paper puts forward several aspects of perfecting the nature wetland ecological system assessment technology including river-wetland system assessment,the impact assessment of nature wetland on the sustainable development of the vicinage and its subsystem,nature wetland feedback as-sessment and nature wetland assessment technology under the extreme conditions.