几种工矿废渣改善土壤供硅能力的效果

施用硅肥可以改善土壤硅素肥力状况,提高水稻产量,改善稻米品质,增强水稻抗性,利用工矿废渣生产硅肥还能产生良好的生态环境效益。本研究采用室内模拟与盆栽试验的方法,研究了高炉渣、粉煤灰和金刚石矿渣作硅肥施用对水稻土供硅能力的影响。结果表明,在北方酸性水稻土上施用废渣使土壤硅素释累积放量显著增加,明显改善土壤的供硅能力,促进水稻对硅素养分的吸收,上述效果随废渣用量增加而更为明显,且高炉渣的效果要明显好于粉煤灰和金刚石矿渣。另外,五种废渣的不同施用量与植株含硅量增加率之间均满足对数正相关关系,对数项系数a与127d的硅素累积释放量之间存在极显著的线性正相关关系,说明土壤硅素累积释放量可以评价施用过废渣的土壤的供硅能力,能够反映废渣作硅肥的适宜性。

Effects of Slag Mucks on improving silicon supplying capacity of paddy soil

Soil silicon fertility could be improved by the application of silicon fertilizer. Yield, quality and resistance of rice could be enhanced. The silicon fertilizer from industrial slag mucks could have good ecological and environmental benefit. Effect of three slag mucks including blast furnace slag, coal fly ash and diamond slag as silicon fertilizer on silicon supplying capacity of paddy soil was studied by pot experiment and indoor simulation method. Results showed that silicon liberation accumulation amount was increased significantly, which improved the silicon supplying capacity of paddy soil and facilitate the rice silicon availability. The above effect was more obvious in the treatment of blast furnace slag. There was positive logarithm correlation between different application amount of five slag mucks and increase of silicon concentration in plant. The coefficient of a and silicon liberation accumulation amount in 127 days showed very significant positive linear correlation, which disclosed that silicon liberation accumulation amount could be used to evaluate soil silicon supplying capacity and the suitability of slag mucks as silicon fertilizers.