铜陵市铜尾矿土壤动物群落生态研究

对安徽省铜陵市铜尾矿地6种生境中土壤动物群落进行野外调查和室内分析，研究不同弃置堆放时间的铜尾矿地土壤的动物群落结构及其与尾矿基质理化性质、植被状况等生境条件之间的关系。结果表明，尾矿堆放时间、区位地貌和植被状况的不同，尾矿基质的理化性质发生变化，导致土壤动物的种类组成和数量分布具有明显差异。土壤动物在土体中的表聚性强，绝大部分集中分布于A层(0～5cm)；土壤的物理性质越稳定，土壤动物越丰富；土壤肥力越高，土壤动物越丰富多样。即尾矿地土壤的生境条件越优越，土壤动物群落的物种丰富度越大，个体数量分布越多，群落多样性越高。这些研究结论为尾矿区的生态修复和可持续利用提供了参考依据。

Study on soil animal community in copper mine tailings in Tongling city

Based on the investigations of soil animals in six sampling points of copper mine tailings of Tongling, there are 363 entries of soil animals collected, which belong to 4 phyla 6 classes and 17 orders. Among them, the superior sorts are Acarina, Enchvtraeidat and Coleoptera. Whats more, by the analysis in doors, we study the relationship between community structure of soil animals of copper mine tailings which were discarded in different time and entironment such as substrate physical-chemical properties, vegetation status in Tongling, Anhui province. The results of the study show that, with the difference of time, physiognomy and vegetation status, mine tailings?physical-chemical properties vary and which leads to the distinct difference of the species and quantity of soil animal in distribution. Surface aggregation in the soil is another obvious character of the soil animals in copper mine tailings, which is reflected by that the majority lived in the range of depth 0~5 cm and decreased with the soil bed deepening. Moreover, the comparative analysis of the copper mine tailings soil animal communities species composition, distribution, diversity among the six sampling points states that the better the habitat conditions is, the richer the soil animals and the higher the community diversity indexes are. All that provide ecological rehabilitation and sustainable utility of the copper mine tailings area with the reference and decision-making.