施肥对冬小麦土壤温室气体排放的影响

通过对不同施肥处理下冬小麦（Triticum aestivum）农田土壤温室气体排放的测定,研究了巢湖流域圩区农业生态系统春季土壤温室气体的排放特点。结果表明,土壤温室气体通量与温度等因素正相关,与土壤水分质量分数负相关,不同施肥方式对土壤温室气体排放也有重要影响。土壤系统维持持续的CO2气体排放,土壤是CO2气体的净排放源;CH4的情况则较为复杂,在较低温度条件下,土壤可以吸收少量的CH4气体,随着温度的上升开始出现CH4的净排放。与对照相比,优化施肥、减量施肥＋秸秆还田、常规施肥可减少的温室气体排放量折合CO2体积当量分别相当于减排12.0%、20.5%、17.6%,合理的施肥管理可以大幅度减少温室气体的排放。

Effects on emissions of aoil greenhouse gas by fertilizing to winter wheat

Characteristics of emissions of soil greenhouse gas in basin levee of Chao Lake agro-ecosystems during spring were stud-ied by the mensurating soil greenhouse gas emissions in the soil of winter wheat field with different fertilization.The results showed that the fluxes of soil greenhouse gas is positive correlation with temperature and other factors,and negative correlation with soil moisture.Different methods of fertilization have important effects on emissions of soil greenhouse gas.Soil system can keep lasting emission of CO2.Soil is the net source of CO2 and emission of CH4 is more complicated.In the condition of lower temperature,soil can absorb a small amount of CH4.With temperature rising,net emissions of CH4 appeared.Compared with CK,the amount of emis-sions of greenhouse gas which can be reduced by YH、CG and JG were equivalent to reduce the emission by 12.0%,20.5%,17.6% respectively as the amount of CO2 volume.Reasonable fertilization management can reduce the emission of greenhouse gas in a large extent.