滨海盐田建设对周边土壤及植被的影响

随着滨海盐业的迅猛发展,盐田的急剧扩张已经对周边环境产生了影响。通过调查盐田周边植被分布特征,分析与植被带对应的典型样地土壤理化性质的空间异质性,研究了盐田对周边土壤及植被的影响。结果表明：盐田周边的植被分布存在明显的空间异质性,在盐田周边呈带状分布,且距盐田越近,植被盖度、物种丰富度越低。土壤含盐量的空间分布在宏观上表现为距盐田越近,含盐量越高,土壤盐渍化越重。距离盐田20m处土壤含盐量平均值达8.22g·kg-1,距离盐田1000m处,土壤含盐量平均值为1.84g·kg-1,土壤含盐量显著降低,且表层土壤含盐量与采样地距盐田间的距离之间呈显著相关关系。由此可见,盐田的扩建已经显著加重了周边土壤的盐渍化程度。

Effects of salt pan construction on surrounding soil and vegetation in coastal saline-alkaline area

With the rapid development of salt industry,salt pan of rapid expansion had an impact on the surrounding environment. The study was based on investigating the distribution characteristics of vegetation surrounding the salt pan and analyzing the spatial heterogeneity of the soil physicochemical properties in coastal saline-alkaline area with the interrelated vegetation.Effects of salt pan on the surrounding soil environment were explores.The results showed that the vegetation distribution is significantly different.The species diversity and cover of the plant communities were lower with closer to the salt pan.Moreover,the soil salt content was higher and the degree of salinity was more seriously with closer to salt pan.The soil salinity significantly reduced with the increasing the distance from the salt pan.The soil average salinity is 8.22 g·kg-1 and 1.84 g·kg-1 on 20 meters and 1 000 meters sites from salt pan, respectively.The salt contents in surface soil had a remarkably correlation with the distances from the salt pan.Therefore,the salt pan significantly increased the salinization of surrounding soil.