区域农田生态系统生产力的时空格局及其影响因子研究——以山东省为例

在统计数据的基础上,以山东省为例,利用模型量化了农田生态系统净初级生产力（NPP）,并研究了农田生态系统NPP的时空格局及其影响因素。研究发现,2000—2006年间,山东省农田生态系统NPP在时间序列上整体呈上升的趋势,由2000年的476.5g·m-2·a-1（以C计）上升到2006年的544.2g·m-2·a-1（以C计）。空间格局中以鲁东、鲁中和鲁南较高,鲁西南和鲁北较低。各地市中以枣庄最高,为691g·m-2·a-1（以C计）;东营最低,约424.4g·m-2·a-1（以C计）。另外,莱芜、临沂及菏泽等地也相对偏低。通过对影响农田生态系统NPP的自然因子和人为因子分别进行主成分分析发现：气候因子中对山东省农田生态系统NPP贡献最大的为降水;人为因子中以农膜的贡献最大,其次为农药、机械、化肥,而劳动力的贡献则随着科技的发展而降低,人口密度的过大对农田生态系统生产力具有较大的负面影响。

The spatial and temporal patterns of net primary productivity and its impact factors in regional agro-ecosystem: a case study in Shandong province

The objectives of our studies were to quantify the net primary productivity（NPP）,and to study the temporal and spatial pattern of NPP and its impact factors in regional agro-ecosystem Shandong province was selected as a case using a model and statistic data for the analysis.We found that the overall NPP of agro-ecosystem in Shandong province was increasing from 2000 to 2006.The spatial distribution of NPP was not even：the highest NPP was found in Zaozhuang and the lowest in Dongying.Moreover,NPP in Laiwu,Linyi and Heze were also relative lower.We analyzed the natural and man-made factors which could affect the NPP of agro-ecosystem using the principal component analysis.We found that the precipitation,a natural factor,had the largest contribution to the NPP of agro-ecosystem in Shandong province.In man-made factors,plastic films,pesticides,machinery and chemical fertilizers played important roles.However,the contribution of the labor force on NPP decreased along with the development of science and technology.Furthermore,high population density had a negative impact on NPP of agro-ecosystem.