流域水生态系统的生境安全识别理论和方法研究——以太子河次流域本溪段为案例

流域水生态系统具有物质循环、能量流动、群落代谢等服务功能,由于人类活动干扰等因素,水生态系统受到破坏,服务功能的发挥受到抑制。太子河作为中国七大水系之一的辽河支流,其水生态系统健康状况同样由于社会、自然等胁迫驱动力原因受到影响。提出了一套流域水生态系统生境安全识别方法,并以太子河次流域本溪段为案例对方法的可行性进行研讨。采用水文、河道、河岸带和水质4个生境安全指标,分别对研究区的5个评价单元水生态系统生境进行安全评估,做出问题识别,找出水生态系统处于不同健康状态的原因,并确定优先修复项目,便于流域管理。通过研究得到观音阁水库坝区没有优先修复项目,小夹河区、老官砬子-观音阁水库坝区、大峪沟入河口-老官砬子区、兴安市界-大峪沟入河口区优先修复项目分别为河道、河道和河岸带、河道、水质,生境安全识别方法具有一定的可行性。

The assessment for habitat security of aquatic ecosystem —— A case study on Taizi River sub-basin, Benxi River

Watershed aquatic ecosystem has service function of material cycle,energy flow,community metabolism etc.Owing to the disturbance of human activities,aquatic ecosystem is badly damaged.Its service function has been restrained.As the tributary of Liao River-one of the seven river system in China,the health of Taizi river aquatic ecosystem is also affected by drivers and pressures from nature and society.This study puts forward one method about basin aquatic ecosystem habitat security recognition,and takes Taizi River sub-basin Benxi Part as an example to discuss the feasibility of this method.It uses 4 habitat security indices-hydrology,watercourse,riparian zone and water quality to respectively assess the habitat security of the damaged aquatic ecosystem in 5 evaluation units of Taizi River Basin（Benxi part） and to diagnose problems,then we can find the reason causing the sickness of aquatic ecosystem.After that,prior restoring projects could be confirmed to help government manage the Taizi River Basin.Through study we get the information below.Guan yinge reservoir dam unit doesn＇t need to be restored temporarily.The prior restoring projects of Xiao jia river unit,Lao guanlazi-Guan yinge reservoir dam unit,Da yugou estuary-Lao guanlazi unit,Xing＇an City Boundary-Da yugou estuary unit are respectively watercourse,watercourse and riparian zone,watercourse,water quality.The result shows that this habitat security recognition method has certain feasibility.