秸秆与氮肥配施对辽西旱区土壤酶活性与土壤养分的影响

通过田间试验研究了玉米（Zea mays L.）秸秆与氮肥配施对耕层土壤酶活性及土壤养分的影响。试验设4个秸秆还田量水平,2个施氮量水平。结果表明：在秸秆配施氮肥条件下,耕层土壤中性磷酸酶、脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶活性以及有机质和全氮质量分数均表现为随着玉米秸秆还田量的增加而提高,而硝态氮（3NO-N）和铵态氮（＋4NH-N）质量分数则表现为随着玉米秸秆还田量的增加而减少,4种土壤酶活性与土壤有机质和全氮质量分数均呈显著正相关,与土壤硝态氮和铵态氮质量分数则呈显著负相关。玉米秸秆还田量9 000 kg.hm-2配施氮肥量420 kg.hm-2是辽西风沙半干旱区效果较好的技术措施。

Effects of corn straws plus nitrogen fertilizer on the soil nutrients and enzymatic activities in the arid area of Eastern Liaoning province

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of corn（Zea mays L.） residues plus nitrogen（N） fertilizer on soil nutrients and enzymatic activities.Four levels of maize residues and two levels of N fertilizer were designed in the experiment.The results showed that with the level of maize residues increased,the activities of neutral phosphatase,urease,invertase and catalase were enhanced and the contents of organic matter and total N in the soil plowed layer were also increased,while the contents of nitrate nitrogen（NO3-N） and ammonium nitrogen（＋ NH4-N） were decreased.The soil enzymatic activities showed significantly positive correlation with soil organic matter and total N,but significantly negative correlation with NO3--N and NH4＋-N.Maize-residues at the level of 9 000 kg.hm-2 plus 420 kg.hm-2 N fertilizer would be an appropriate treatment for the arid area of western Liaoning Province.