扰动强化污染底泥有机物自净的研究

扰动能够强化水体溶解氧的恢复并加快传质,增强水体的自净作用,有利于水体和底泥COD的降解,是一种常用的污染水体的修复方法。文章通过人工模拟的水体,构建搅拌和曝气两种上覆水扰动条件,研究了在这两种条件下水体中有机物含量以及底泥中微生物量的变化情况,探讨了扰动对水体有机物去除的影响。研究结果表明：（1）与对照情况相比,在搅拌、曝气条件下水中ρ（溶解氧）分别由0.2 mg.L^-1提高到1.0和8.0 mg.L^-1左右;曝气条件下底泥中蛋白含量及细菌数均最高;（2）底泥中w（脱氢酶活性）在搅拌和曝气条件下分别为0.52和0.46μg.g^-1左右;（3）曝气条件下对上覆水中有机物的去除呈现出较好的降解趋势。因此,运用曝气技术既能加速有机物的生化降解,改善水质;又可强化水体溶解氧的恢复,创造了微生物生长繁殖的适宜环境,增强了水体中微生物的活性,促进了水体自净能力的提高,在治理河道污染的应用中具有广阔的前景。

Enhancement of self-purification capacity of organics in polluted river sediment by disturbance

Disturbance may increase the DO of the water,accelerate the mass transfer and increase the self-purification effect of the water system.Therefore,disturbance may enhance the organic removal of the water and sediment.It has been a commonly used water remediation method.In this study,three modified water system was constructed to investigate the effect of disturbance on the removal of organic matters.For this,organic content and microorganism were analyzed under different disturbance（e.g stirring and aeration）.Results showed that：（1） DO raised from 0.2 mg L-1 in the static water to approximately 1.0 and 8.0 mg L-1 respectively under the stirring and aeration condition.The protein and microorganism quantity were both the highest under the aeration condition.（2） The dehydrogenase activity was 0.52 and 0.46 μg.g-1,respectively,under the aeration and stirring water.（3） The organic removal of overlying water showed a good degrading trend under the aeration condition.Therefore,aeration could enhance the biodegradation of organic matters and improve the water quality.Besides,aeration may provide a suitable condition for microorganisms,increase the microorganism activity and improve the self-purification of the water system.In conclusion,aeration has a broad application prospect in the river management and pollutant remediation.