兰州地区人群对多环芳烃的暴露及健康风险评价

采用多介质-多途径暴露模型,评价兰州地区居民暴露于多环芳烃的健康风险,分析风险来源、暴露介质及暴露途径,并结合蒙特卡罗方法分析研究过程中的不确定性。结果表明,兰州地区居民中男性和女性对环境中多环芳烃的终身日平均暴露量分别为4.55×10-4和5.07×10-4mg.kg-1.d-1。暴露途径中食物摄取是最主要途径,食物中贡献较大的为谷物。相应的男性和女性的健康风险度分别为4.12×10-5.a-1和4.80×10-5.a-1,兰州地区多环芳烃类污染物居民人体健康风险度远远高于可接受健康风险度的标准。兰州地区女性对多环芳烃的暴露量高于男性,女性健康风险平均值亦远远高于EPA标准值,兰州地区女性乳腺癌发病率较高可能与长时间低剂量多环芳烃暴露有一定的关系。兰州地区多环芳烃人群暴露与天津和北京相比存在一定的差异。

Population exposure to PAHs and the health risk assessment in Lanzhou city

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） pollution of the Lanzhou city has been more and more serious in recent year.In order to investigate potential health risk to human bodies caused by organic pollutants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in there,a multimedia/multi-pathway human exposure model were employed to estimate PAHs exposure and to study the main risk sources among environmental media and exposure pathways.The Monte Carlo method was used to estimate uncertainty in the process of risk assessment.The results showed that the daily exposure doses for male and female residents in Lanzhou city were 4.55×10-4 and 5.07×10-4 mg.kg-1.d-1,respectively.Among the three exposure routes,it was found that ingestion were the major exposure routes for PAHs exposure in all resident populations.In the diet exposure,grain were the major sources.The health risk for PAHs exposure were 4.12×10-5.a-1 and 4.80×10-5.a-1 for male and female residents,respectively.The health risk for PAHs exposure are higher than the acceptable risk.The daily exposures of PAH to female were higher than male,and the average health risk for female are far more higher than EPA standard.There is certain relationship between the high incidence of breast cancer in Lanzhou and chronic low-dose exposures of women to PAHs.The human exposures to PAHs in Lanzhou are different from those in Tianjin and Beijing.