珍贵树种土沉香生长环境的土壤特性与营养特性分析

对我国野生土沉香4个主要分布区的土壤特性及自身营养特性进行了分析研究。结果表明,不同分布区的同一土层的土壤物理性质有明显的差异（P〈0.05）。海南临高分布区各层土壤容重最小,总空隙度、自然含水量毛管持水量比较高;海南屯昌分布区各层的土壤容重最大,总空隙度较低;广东东莞分布区与广东陆河分布区各层土壤松紧度比较适宜,透水性,通气性,持水能力比较协调。各分布区土壤均呈酸性,其有机质含量和营养元素含量偏低。土壤有效Mn、有效B均处于较低水平,有效Fe的含量均高于临界值;海南屯昌分布区土壤中有效Cu的含量极低,其余3分布区则均高于临界值;除海南临高分布区有效Zn的含量高于临界值,其他3个分布区均低于临界值;海南屯昌分布区土壤有效S含量稍低于临界值,为中等水平,广东陆河分布区高于临界值处于较高水平,广东东莞分布区为临界值的2.76倍,而海南临高分布区则高达临界值的7.31倍,均处于极高水平。野生土沉香叶片各营养元素之间的相关性总体不明显。

Analysis on soil characters of the growing environment and nutrition characteristic of Aquilaria sinensis

The analysis on the soil character of 4 main distribution areas of wild Aquilaria sinensis showed that there were significant differences in the soil physical property.The soil bulk density in all layers in the distribution area of Lingao in Hainan was the smallest,capillary porosity and moisture content were greater.The soil bulk density in all layers in the distribution area of Dongguan and Luhe in Guangdong were moderate,with the coordinated water permeability,aeration and water holding capacity.The soil bulk density in all layers in the distribution area of Tunchang in Hainan was the greatest,while capillary porosity and moisture content were smaller.All the distribution areas were acidic soil and less fertile with the low organic matter content and nutrient content.The content of the available Mn and available B of 4 distribution areas were at a low level,and the available Fe were higher than the critical value.The available Cu of the diminution areas was higher than the critical value except the distribution area of Tunchang in Hainan.The available Zn of the diminution areas was lower than the critical value except the distribution area of Lingao in Hainan.Hainan Tunchang distribution area of soil available S content is slightly lower than the critical value for the middle level,Guangdong Luhe distribution area above the critical value at a high level,Guangdong Dongguan distribution area was the 2.76 times of the critical value and Hainan Lingao distribution area was as high as the critical value of 7.31 times.The correlation with the concentrations of nutrition content was not evident.