三维荧光光谱技术在水环境修复和废水处理中的应用

近年来我国水环境污染问题情况日益严重，其引发的水华问题频发，藻类生长代谢过程释放的各类衍生物对水生生态系统及原水处理工艺性能造成影响。为此，分析环境水体、废水处理系统中溶解性有机污染物（DOM）的组成、性质和来源，对水环境安全及水污染控制具有重要意义。三维荧光光谱技术通过在不同的激发波长上扫描发射荧光谱以获得激发．发射矩阵（EEM），基于EEM数据构建三维立体图或等高线（指纹图）描绘监测对象特性，可分析水体溶解性有机物、藻类及藻毒素等，近年来已在饮用水源水质监测、湖库富营养化成因分析及废水生物处理性能评价等方面得到应用。与传统分析方法相比，该技术具有灵敏度高、操作简便、检测快速、试剂消耗量少等优点。文章从荧光光谱分析技术基本原理出发，对三维荧光峰的分类、影响因素及其在水环境中的应用进行了综述，并对今后该技术在环境领域的研究方向进行了展望，以期为水污染控制、污染环境修复提供先进可靠的分析方法。

Research advances in water environment remediation and wastewater treatment based on three dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy technology

With the rapid development of the society and economy, the water pollution issue is becoming more and more serious in China. The bloom algae that caused by the water pollution releases lots of derivatives into the natural environment during its metabolism, and these derivatives affect the aquatic ecological security and performance of water purification system. Analysis of the composition, property and source of the dissolved organic matter （DOM） in natural water and wastewater treatment system is important. Three dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy technology （TDFS） is a method that obtains the excitation-emission matrix （EEM） data by scanning emission fiuorspar spectrum at different excitation wavelength, and then the three dimensional graphic model or contour （finger-print） is portrayed out based on the EEM data. In recent years, TDFS analysis technique is widely applied in the fields such as the monitoring of drinking water, and analysis of eutrophication and wastewater biological treatment, and the soluble organic matter, algae and algal toxins in aquatic environments are characterized. Compared to the traditional methods, TDFS has the advantages of high precision, convenient operation, rapid detection and low comsumption. Based on the basic principle of TDFS, the classification of fluorescence peaks, influencing factors and applications of TDFS are reviewed in the paper, and the direction for further researches are suggested. It＇s hopeful to provide an advanced and reliable analysis technique for the water pollution control and polluted environment remediation.