景观规划与管理及其相关领域研究的新进展

景观规划与管理是景观生态学应用研究的热点,是以景观异质性和景观功能的定量研究为基础,以3S和模型模拟方法为技术支撑的综合性应用领域,它是沟通景观生态学理论研究和实践运用的桥梁。景观规划与管理和景观结构、景观功能与景观动态以及景观尺度、景观过程及景观格局等具有密切的联系,上述方面的相关理论与方法,共同支撑着景观规划与管理的客观实践。景观异质性是景观规划与管理的重要理论基础,景观功能是景观规划与管理的现实目标,景观生态研究方法是景观规划与景观管理的技术保障。20世纪90年代以来,随着学科的交叉与融合,景观规划与管理领域取得了一系列新进展,主要表现在理论、方法和应用方面的研究愈加广泛和深入,景观规划与管理方式也越来越智能化与人性化;景观规划管理的发展也在一定程度上推动了景观异质性、景观功能和景观研究方法的发展。目前,相关学科方法和技术的交叉融合成为研究景观规划与管理的重要趋势,3S和模型交叉融合促进景观规划与管理方法向着多元化、数字化和可视化发展。随着景观规划管理现实应用领域的拓展,景观异质性和景观功能在理论、方法、应用方面的研究进一步深化。

Advancement among landscape planning and management and their related fields

Landscape planning and management（LPM） is the hotspot of applied research in landscape ecology.Meanwhile,based on the quantitative research of landscape heterogeneity and landscape function,supported by the techniques of remote sensing,geographical information system and global positioning system,as well as the approach of modelling and simulation,LPM is a synthesized application field,which connect with the principle research and practical application in landscape ecology.LPM have close relations with landscape structure,landscape function,landscape dynimic,landscape scale,landscape process and landscape pattern.Some principles and methodology mentioned above support the practice of LPM.In fact,landscape heterogeneity is the important basis of landscape ecology and manegment.Landscape function is the actual object of LPM,furthormore,the method of landscape ecology is the technologic insurance of LPM.Along with the new development of subjects since 1990s,some new advancements have obtained in landscape planning and management.The main characteristics are as follows.The research on principle,methodolgy and application are increasingly abroad and thorough.The mode of LPM are increasingly intelligentized and humanized.At the same time,LPM accelerated the development in landscape heterogeneity,landscape function and landscape research methods at a certain extent.At present,the integration among the methods and techniques of some related subjects is an important tendency in LPM.In addition,3S techniques and modeling are put forward the characteristics of diversity,digitalization and visionization of LPM.Along with the actual application scope spreading out in LPM,the research on principles,method and application in landscape heterogeneity and landscape function are gradually deepen.