攀枝花市水系沉积物与土壤中重金属的地球化学特征比较

水系沉积物和土壤都是表生作用的产物,是环境中污染物质的重要受纳体,但两者在物质来源和受纳污染物方面又有不同。重金属通过不同方式进入到水系沉积物和土壤之中产生污染,对于区域环境具有重要的影响。为了了解攀枝花市水系沉积物和土壤中重金属元素地球化学特征的异同和污染状况,在攀枝花市范围内系统采集了水系沉积物和土壤样品,从环境地球化学角度,应用地球化学方法研究了攀枝花市水系沉积物及土壤中重金属的地球化学特征,应用地质累积指数法评价了污染情况,并对二者进行了比较研究。结果表明,攀枝花市水系沉积物中重金属的含量普遍高于土壤;水系沉积物和土壤中重金属的分布具有相似的特征;水系沉积物中重金属的污染程度高于土壤,但总体上来说,重金属的污染程度较小。两者的污染程度不同是因为接受污染物的方式不同;两者的分布趋势相同,说明具有相同或相近的污染来源。

The geochemical characteristics and their comparison of heavy metals in soil and sediment in Panzhihua

Both sediment and soil are formed by hypergenesis and are important receivers of the polluted substances in environment. However, they respectively come from different substance sources and receive different polluted substances. Heavy metals enter sediment and soil in different ways and resulted in pollution, so they have great impact on regional environment. In this paper, sediments and soils are systematically sampled to find out the geochemical characteristics of heavy metals in soil and sediment in Pazhihua area, Sichuan province. The characteristics are studied and compared from the environmental geochemical angle by using geochemical method. The polluting degrees of them are evaluated by the method of Index of Geoaccumulation. It can been seen from the analyzed results that, 1) the content of heavy metal in sediment is higher than that of soil; 2) the distributing characteristic of heavy metal in sediment is consistent to that of soil ; and 3) the polluting degree of heavy metals in sediment is higher than that of soil, but generally slight. The different polluting degrees are resulted from the different modes of receiving polluted substances, while the same distributing trend show that the polluted substances come from same or similar sources.