广东西江流域饮用水源中典型持久性有机污染物的含量与来源

从广东省西江流域三个饮用水源地采集三个样品，分别分析其中两类持久性有机污染物—有机氯农药和多环芳烃的含量以及来源，从这两类污染物对水环境污染的角度初步判断饮用水源的安全性。首先采用液液萃取的方法对样品进行前处理，然后分别用GC．ECD和GC—MS测定有机氯农药和多环芳烃的含量。实验发现有机氯农药质量浓度在水相中为1．99ng·L^-1～ 4．76ng·L^-1，在颗粒相中为0．36ng·L^-1～0．68ng·L^-1；多环芳烃质量浓度在水相中为73．40ng·L^-1～865．89ng·L^-1，在颗粒相中为16．76ng·L^-1～19．31ng·L^-1。结果表明，六六六和滴滴涕质量浓度低于国标《生活饮用水水源水质标准》（CJ3020．93）的规定，同时苯并a]芘也低于世界卫生组织《饮用水水质标准》的规定，而其它物质标准中均无规定。由此说明，就有机氯农药和多环芳烃这两类污染物在水中的含量来说，广东西江领域饮用水源是相对安全的。但是由于这两类污染物都具有很强的生物富集性，因此它们在水环境中的存在和作用也是不容忽视的。

Levels and sources of typical persistent organic pollutants in drinking water sources of Xijiang River in Guangdong province

The contamination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is a noticeable problem in the environment. Two types of POPs, including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were investigated in this research. OCPs and PAHs were analyzed with GC-ECD and GC-MS, respectively, in three drinking water sources of Xijiang River in Guangdong province. The safety of drinking water sources based on the levels of OCPs and PAHs were also estimated. The concentrations of OCPs in dissolved phase ranged from 1.99 ng·L~(-1) to 4.76 ng·L~(-1), and in particulate phase from 0.36 ng·L~(-1) to 0.68 ng·L~(-1). And the levels of PAHs were between 73.40 ng·L~(-1) and 865.89 ng·L~(-1) in dissolved phase and between 16.76 ng·L~(-1) and 19.31 ng·L~(-1) in par-ticulate phase. The results showed that the concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were far below the Chinese Water Quality Standard for Drinking Water Sources (CJ 3020-93), and the concentrations of Bα]P were below the Drinking Water Standard, the guideline of World Health Organization. In conclusion, as for the levels of OCPs and PAHs, the source water for drinking in Xijiang River is rela-tively safe. However, the occurrence and risks of these two types of POPs should not be ignored due to their significant bioaccumula-tion.