密度和品种对玉米田杂草及玉米产量的影响

通过对玉米田杂草的调查,研究了不同密度和品种对玉米田杂草种类和生物量变化及玉米产量的影响。结果表明：在玉米全生育期内共发现以稗草（Echinochloa colonum（Linn.）Link）、水花生（Alternanthera philoxeroides）、水芹（Lepidiumsativum）等为主的21种杂草,以水芹的重要值最高;随密度的增加杂草的总数量和鲜质量减少;半紧凑型品种对杂草数量和生物量的抑制作用大于紧凑型品种,且产量高出了21.99%。密度对玉米产量的影响差异不显著,以B3（57 000株/hm2）产量最高,比常规密度B1（42 000株/hm2）和高密度B4（64 500株/hm2）的产量提高了14.17%和0.6%。可见,应根据玉米的品种类型,因地制宜地确定适宜的种植密度,以利于高产稳产。

Effects of different planting cultivation density and cultivars of maize on occurrence of weed and yield

In this paper,the diversities and biomass of weed were investigated in the corn fields according the cultivation dentsity and cultivars of maize.Lepidium sativum showed statistically the highest important values（IV） among the 21 kinds of investigated weeds mainly Echinochloa colonum（Linn.） Link,Alternanthera philoxeroides,Lepidium sativum].There were less weeds in higher density maize fields.The semi-compact maize showed significantly stronger inhibition on weed occurrence than upright-leaf maize.Moreover the yield was about 21.99% higher.Density showed no significant effects on the yields of maize.But the highest yield can be accessed by planting 57000 plant/hm2.It was than 14.17% and 0.6% higher than that of 42000 plant/hm2.and 64500 plant/hm2 respectively.This suggested that proper density should be selected to achieve high and sustainable production for specific cultivars of maize.